Skip to content 01 General
Background, scope, and state of play 7 questions 01 Why should frozen Russian state assets be repurposed for Ukraine? 02 What is the difference between sovereign and private Russian assets, and why is the focus on state assets rather than oligarch wealth? 03 What do terms like “frozen,” “immobilized,” “seized,” “confiscated,” “transferred”, "repurposed", and "utilized" actually mean, and is there a difference? 04 How much has been frozen, and where? Why do estimates vary? 05 What domestic legal mechanisms exist for seizing or transferring frozen Russian assets? 06 How are frozen Russian assets currently being used? 07 What is the “Reparations Loan”? 02 Legal
Legal questions and dimensions 7 questions 01 Is transferring frozen Russian state assets legal? 02 Does transferring the assets satisfy the “reversibility” requirement under international law? 03 Can third parties (countries other than Ukraine) take countermeasures against Russia? 04 Does transferring frozen Russian state assets violate sovereign immunity? 05 Isn’t transferring Russian state assets just “theft”? 06 What if Russia sues? 07 Has anything like this been done before? 03 Economic
Markets, reserves, and financial stability 1 questions 01 Would transferring Russian assets harm the financial system, devalue G7 currencies, or trigger capital flight? 04 Policy
What governments can and should do 8 questions 01 Why shouldn’t we wait until the war ends or Russia agrees to pay? 02 Won’t transferring Russian state assets set a dangerous precedent or create a slippery slope? 03 Would transferring Russian state assets put Europe at war with Russia? 04 What if Russia retaliates by seizing Western assets? 05 Could the frozen assets be used as leverage in peace negotiations? 06 If the case for transferring these assets is so strong, why haven’t Western leaders acted? 07 Why does Belgium oppose transferring the frozen assets? 08 What needs to happen to actually make Russia pay?